chapter 8

THE CULTURAL COMMUNITIES

 Is the cultural expression, this one belong with another persons, and the cultural role in the person.

THE NATIONAL CULTURE COMMUNITY

Is the product of the enviroment, the social impact, the education. Is a effect, over the person, and it comes, from the social situation, the things that are teached, and the ones are learned, the books, the sports practiqued, even the idiom, have a important effect in the persons, and this is turn in the groups and the community.
 This effect we can watching, in foreigners, that even talk in the same lenguage, they can't feel identify or represented, with a new culture.
 Even we can watch this acttitudes and have been participating in them. Our own culture behavior, could have a diferent dynamic, in our family and our stable in it, or in our dayli work and the way we done it.

COMMUNITIES AND PLACES

The community, his name, his traditions, have been made over a place, a physical place, where the members of the community had been grown, and they had adapted.
 As exemple, the peregrims whoes had come to the territory, where the united states, would born, they came from diferent places from europe, the had brought a lot of their traditions, and ideas, but the life in the new place,  made them change, accepted or modified their way to live, to survive, this facts made a new community.

COEXISTING COMMUNITIES

Different communities can be linked, by facts as the idiom, the education, but they can have strong differences, as beliefs, traditions, etc, but even in this kinds of situations, there could be a productive exchange, than let a coexisting, simultaneous, coordinated, respectful.
 As a exemple.The large scale immigration, made a lot of diferent cultures be in a constant exchange, the generations more stablished, pass the knoledge, and directions to the new ones.

cOMMUNITIES AND RELATIONSHIP
 A member of a community can have a definit role play in it. There are some kinds of job, positions, or stablement where a person, made a very important part, the succesful or the continuity of a specif part in it,
Exemple, in the middle age, the were master craftsmen, some ones for metal, others for printing, every town, had their own master, whoes in a time took students to teached them the art of their work.

CULTURAL PERSONS
Now, the person in the culture, is their what and why, because the culture is made and used by persons, is the conection betwen two actually the force that made the culture can live.

 Identity
The mix of the elements, intellectuals, phylosofics, and the kwonledge, that we meet as our own, how we look it, how we perseve it.
 There is a idea, "The eyes are the windows to the soul", we can take this as a analogy about the identity, even when things as the color, are look by all the persons in the same way, the same color could doen't mean the same feel for all the people, this is because, they have ideas, and experience diferent about this topic.

Cultural Identities.
again the idea about perseption, this one can be proposal, or costructed, the aceptation of it, in a group, or a society, but above all, remain in force over the time, made a aport to the culture, given to the persons, a beliefs, or a conviccion of a idea.

Cultual Marginiality.
 neither one culture have be able to be completely accepted by all their people, the different ideas, perseptions about life, the are called minority, theirs ideas aren't wrong precisely, but they are not accepted by the dominat groups.

LIFE HISTORIES
If the eyes are the reflection of soul, we can se the life as the skin, the way we live are showed in our form, of talk, walk, because, as we learn we apply those knowledge, is with this we can be related with the culture, with the community, with this we can discern about what we accepted? and why we do it? actually with the life histories, with our life histories, we are actually given to the culture our own escence to the culture, in some way we became culture.

Chapter 7

CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES

every head is a world. This quote,  can means a lot of things, but in our specific case, of th culture, we have realize, that a big part of our personality, and the our used in the cultural product, is a kind of our self knowleged, our own way to learn.

Expliciy and tacit perspectives.

 There are some kinds of ideas and myths of a culture, those that have pass the walls of idiom, and the frontiers, to be involved and in many cases have been accepted by other cultures, this ideas star to have their own live, and used another cultures to still alive.

 As exemples we have, the American Dream, somes urban myths, and a lot of religiuos beliefs.

Perseptions: What we feel with our sences, and what it means for us?

Ex: What is the most pacefully color?

Beliefs: what we hold to be true or untrue.

Ex: all kinds of bulling should be punished with jail.

Values: The things that we know or feel as right or wrong

 Ex: all the car drivers are good because they have licence.

Attitudes: our human factor, but have been used by our mental factor.

Ex: Charity is a obligation.

 Wolrdview.

 There are facts, that are accepted, and used all around the world, the present of some kinds of ideas, or perseptions, are present in all over the world, we can represented with phylosofical questions as, why we are here? geografical questions as, what is far away?

Emic and Etic perspectives.
 Emic:

relating to or denoting an approach to the study or description of a particular language or culture in terms of its internal elements and their functioning rather than in terms of any existing external scheme. Often contrasted withetic

  All the definitions of this cultural element, are confused, but this is because, there be involved in the collective unconscious, is a knowledge, clean of influences, even clean of options, because there are a part of the culture

.

Etic;

• relating to or denoting an approach to the study or description of a particular language or culture that is general, nonstructural, and objective in its perspective. Often contrasted with emic.

Is the description of some kinds of acts, meanwhile in the Emic there are free from external influence, this are part from the investigation, and are susceptible, to questions, theories, by the fact that there have been watched by a foreigner, of the culture that is involvent in this practique.

ETIC PERSPECTIVES: PERCEPTION

 With the fact that, our better way to understand a culture, is our perseption about it, we got to face the fact, that there will be a lot of culture products, many of them are completely, far away of our capacity of a correct etic perspective, but this isn't a permanet disapoinment. In more we move in a new culture, more we learn.
 the perspectives are as tools, even when there be some difficults to used, as long as we do, we can use them better, we can learn to made it, more flexible, more elocuent.

THREE POINTS OF VIEW ON CULTURE
The funcionalist view:
 The thing know it as "reality". Is linked with the facts, that are normal in our life, as the meaning of some kind of place, his importance in the culture. but also in the ideas, the formed identity, of the culture, the expressions, the beliefs, the sence of belong to a national identity.
 All those things, have expressed as funcionalist, because they work, inthe person, actually the are a part and a Why? about what and why, the person act or believe.

The Interpretive view:
Is ubicated in the emic, because come from, the personal, and deep beliefs, but those are share  for the rest of the comunity, this expressed in the work, education, etc.

The conflict view:
  In all kinds of culture there will be conflicts betwen their, in many cases this conflicts can open a way to enforce the culture, or may bright new ideas, someones can even shock with own culture and his traditions.
 As exemple The chinese democraty movement, the looking for more citizen participation in the goverment descicions.
 other exemple the Ligas War in Costa Rica, betwen the cities that after the independence wanted to be his own sovereignty, and the others whos wanted be a part of other country.